Liner Terms: Also known as berth terms or general terms, the shipowner is responsible for hiring stevedores and paying for loading, unloading, and stacking costs; the charterer is only responsible for delivering the cargo to the dock and alongside the ship, placing it under the ship's hooks. Loading and unloading costs are borne by the shipowner.
Loading-Out-of-House (F.I.): The shipowner does not bear the loading costs. At the loading port, the shipowner is only responsible for receiving the cargo in the hold, and the charterer bears the loading costs. At the discharge port, the shipowner delivers the cargo under the ship's hooks, and the discharge costs are borne by the shipowner.
Loading-Out-of-House (F.O.): The shipowner pays the loading costs at the loading port, and at the discharge port, the shipowner is only responsible for delivering the cargo in the hold, and the discharge costs are borne by the charterer.
Loading-Out-of-House (F.I.O.): Also known as a hold-in-shipment/delivery term, loading and unloading costs are borne by the charterer, and the shipowner is only responsible for receiving and delivering the cargo in the hold.
Regardless of Loading, Unloading, Stowage and Trimming Costs (F.I.O.S.T.): This clause covers the receipt and delivery of goods within the hold and assumes responsibility for stowage costs, meaning the charterer is not liable for loading, unloading, stowage and trimming costs. All costs are borne by the charterer.
